Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood is to press ahead with reforms to the asylum and immigration system, despite the loss of a once-safe Labour seat to the Greens in the Gorton and Denton by-election.

The Green Party of England and Wales has criticised Labour's stance on immigration – with its leader Zack Polanski recently accusing the party of echoing "the racist rhetoric of the far right". The Greens have also called for asylum seekers to be given the right to work. Following the Greens' victory at Thursday's by-election, some Labour MPs have warned ministers not to try to "out-Reform Reform [UK]".

But a source close to Mahmood has told the BBC that the government should not learn the wrong lessons from the by-election result - and that it was "wrong" to assume Muslim voters were deserting Labour over immigration.

If some in Labour are now queasy about the home secretary's approach, sources are suggesting that the alternative is the "far right raising up the drawbridge" and putting in jeopardy the future of the asylum system - and even of the Labour Party itself.

Shabana Mahmood herself has said that illegal immigration was putting immense strain on the country and undermining the contract between the government and its citizens.

And sources close to her are keen to point to polling last November assessing the support for Danish-style immigration reforms, which suggested net support for some measures amongst all voters – including Green supporters.

This week, Mahmood visited reception and removal centres for asylum seekers near Copenhagen, the Danish capital, to examine how a tougher set of policies were working in practice.

She has previously praised the policies of Denmark's government - led by Labour's sister party, the Social Democrats – which has driven asylum claims down to a forty-year low.

Danish government policies influenced Labour's proposals for asylum reform last autumn, and the home secretary is expected to begin implementing some of them from next week.

These include making most migrants wait for up to 10 years - rather than the current five – before being able to apply for permanent residence, with refugees waiting for up to 20 years.

The proposals also included offering only temporary protection to those whose asylum claims have been accepted - and reducing the number of appeals that unsuccessful applicants can lodge.

She will seek to make a "Labour case" for "firm and fair" Danish-style immigration policies, which are aimed at reducing incentives for people to enter the UK illegally.

Richard Burgon – of the Socialist Campaign Group – told the BBC it was time to "ditch the approach of aping Reform and kicking the left which has alienated so many people who have voted Labour previously".

He said that "the big lesson of recent years was that tough talking" did not lead to "smart action" and the government should instead focus on the "basics" - swifter asylum decisions, swifter appeals and help for refugees to integrate

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